٢٥- قاعدة دُنْيَا و تَقْوى
If: The word is on the scale of فُعلى The lam kalimah is a waw Then Change the waw to a […]
Sarf, also known as Arabic morphology, is the study of how patterns and endings in words assign meaning. It focuses on the structure of words, including the meanings that arise from the addition of extra letters and patterns. As a sub-science of classical Arabic, Sarf plays a crucial role in accurate reading, writing, and speaking, helping learners understand how words are formed and how their meanings shift through different forms. While initially studied as part of Nahw (syntax), Sarf became an independent discipline in the second century of the Hijri calendar. Unlike Nahw, which focuses on word endings, Sarf examines the internal structure and patterns of words, making it a vital component of mastering the Arabic language.
If: The word is on the scale of فُعلى The lam kalimah is a waw Then Change the waw to a […]
If: There is a yaa in the lam kalimah The word is on the scale of افاعل or مفاعل or فاعل or something like it Then
If: Masdar is on the scale of فَعْلُوْلَةٌ Ayn kalimah is a waw Then Change waw to a yaa Example: كَوْنُوْنَةٌ
If: جمع is on the scale of فُعْلٌ the ayn kalimah is a yaa Then The letter before will get a kasra
If: There is a الألف الزّائدة before alif of تـثـنـيـة Then Change alif to a ى Example: حُبلي ان ——> حبليانِ If: There is a الألف
If: Waw occurs on the fourth letter or more The waw does not occur after a damma or waw sakin
If: waw or yaa occur at the end, after alif zaaidah Then Change waw or yaa to a hamza Example:
If: Word is on the scale of مفاعل Harf illah occurs after the alif Harf illah is not a root letter
If: A و or a ي occurs in the ع kalima Then Change it to a ء if its verb takes the rules of taleel Example: قاوِلٌ ——>
If: a و occurs after a dhamma in the lam kalimah of an ism Then: The dhamma before is changed to a
If two waw join in the end of the scale فُعُوْلٌ then Both waw will become yaa tashdeed The dammah before
If: Waw and yaa combine in one word They are not changed from any other letter The verb is not