If:
Then:
Example:
| قِوَاما | → | قِيَاما |
| صِوَاما | → | صِيَاما |
| حِوَاض | → | حِيَاض |
| جِوَاض | → | جِيَاض |
Note:
قِوَاما from the maṣdar of قَاوَمَ will not change according to the above rule, as its verb does not take the rules of taʿlīl.
When a wāw or yāʾ falls in the ʿayn position of an active participle whose verb is muʿtal, it converts to hamzah.
Morphological rule: a ي in the lām position after a ḍammah converts to a و.
When a wāw stands as the lām kalimah after a kasrah, it converts to a yāʾ, yielding forms like duʿiya and dāʿiyah.
When a plural on the scale of فُعْلٌ or فُعْلى has yāʾ as its ʿayn kalimah, the preceding letter takes a kasrah.
